Assessing the Awareness of Agro Ecological Approaches and their Impact on Food Security in Matale Village, Matale Sub-County, Kibaale District

Abstract

This study assessed the efficacy of agro ecological approaches, including Integrated Pest Management (IPM), agroforestry, and organic farming practices, on enhancing food security in Matale Village, Matale Sub-County, Kibale District. A mixed-methods approach was employed, integrating data from 109 survey participants and 14 key informants through focus group discussions, interviews, and field observations. Data was collected using interviews, questionnaires, field observations, and document reviews. Quantitative data was analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics via SPSS (version 27), while qualitative data was thematically analysed to explore recurring patterns and community perspectives. The findings revealed significant roles for women (57%) and youth (51% aged 18–30 years) in agriculture, highlighting the need for inclusive strategies. IPM practices, such as crop rotation (78%), maintaining cleanliness in the garden (81%), selection of disease-resistant varieties (80%) and biological controls (57%), significantly enhance food security, though barriers like limited adoption of natural pesticides and companion planting remain a challenge. Agroforestry improves soil fertility, biodiversity, and income diversification, yet adoption of tree-row planting is limited due to resource competition and technical knowledge gaps. Organic farming practices, especially composting (66%), are widely adopted, but challenges like labour intensity and skepticism hinder broader implementation. Perceptions of food security reveal disparities: 43% view the region as food secure, while 57% face moderate to severe insecurity. Food access is easy for 51% but challenging for 49%, while 67% report food affordability, 33% face financial barriers. Nutritional quality and supply stability remain concerns, with 59% noting dietary inadequacies and 46% reporting food supply instability. These findings underscore the need for targeted interventions, including capacity-building programs, resource support, and policy frameworks, to enhance the adoption of agro ecological practices and strengthen food security in Matale Village