Accessibility to Clean, Safe Water and its Impact on Community Well-Being in Kaigurumba Village, Kakiseke Parish, Nalweyo Sub-County, Kakumiro District Tusiime Ireen

Abstract

This study, conducted using Participatory Action Research, examined access to clean and safe water in Kaigurumba Village and its impact on community well-being. The objectives were to assess water accessibility, its effects on health and livelihoods, and the coping mechanisms adopted by the community. A sample of 204 respondents, including community members and key informants, was selected through purposive random sampling. Data was collected using structured questionnaires, in-depth interviews, observations, and document reviews, and analyzed using both qualitative x and quantitative approaches. Findings revealed significant barriers to clean water access, such as long distances, shared water sources with animals, and reliance on open water bodies like rivers and swamps. Waterborne diseases, including typhoid, diarrhea, stomach issues, and skin rashes, were prevalent. Water shortages had severe consequences on farming, leading to reduced crop yields (67.2%) and limited cultivation (66.2%). Additionally, low education levels (86.3% with only primary schooling) and inadequate incomes (96% earning below 500,000 UGX) further constrained development. Despite these challenges, the community implemented solutions such as water conservation (61.3%), borehole construction (73%), and financial contributions (50%). The study concluded that inadequate infrastructure, seasonal water variability, and poor hygiene practices contribute to waterborne diseases and hinder agricultural productivity and economic opportunities, particularly for women and children. Recommendations include assessing and improving water sources, promoting water treatment and hygiene education, supporting water-efficient agricultural practices, establishing local water management groups, and fostering sustainable water systems through partnerships with NGOs and government initiatives. Further research is needed on the socioeconomic impacts of water scarcity and climate change